Medications » GLP-1

Drug: GLP-1


Medication disclaimers


BLACK BOX WARNING:

Although rare, GLP-1s have caused thyroid C-cell tumors in animal studies. All GLP-1s have a “black box” warning of the risk of these tumors. If you have trouble swallowing, develop hoarseness, or feel swelling or a lump in your neck, contact your health care provider immediately. 

The FDA also warns not to take these medications if you have a personal or family history of multiple endocrine neoplasia syndrome Type 2 or medullary thyroid cancer.

SIDE EFFECTS

Rapid or significant weight loss can lead to too much muscle loss. It’s important to start a strength training program and exercise regularly to protect your muscles while taking GLP-1s. 

Tell your health care provider if you have severe stomach problems that won’t go away, including abdominal bloating or pain, acid reflux, a feeling of fullness after eating just a few bites of food, nausea, and vomiting, including vomiting undigested food eaten a few hours earlier. These may be symptoms of gastroparesis (stomach paralysis).  

Use effective birth control while taking this medication. If you are pregnant, breastfeeding, or planning to become pregnant, do not take GLP-1s.

GLP-1s are not appropriate for those with insulin-dependent diabetes or diabetic ketoacidosis. So, if that’s you, GLP-1s aren't the right fit.

DRUG INTERACTIONS

Some drugs can also interact with GLP-1s, including:

  • Insulin
  • Sulfonylureas (when combined, these can cause blood sugar levels to drop dangerously low) 
  • Some birth control pills
  • Other GLP-1 or GLP-1/GIP receptor agonist medications (don’t combine them)

You should not drink alcohol while taking these drugs because it can lower blood sugar. Combining alcohol with these medications may cause blood sugars to fall too fast, leading to fainting and dizziness.